Guides

UK SME finance,
in plain English.

Written by people who actually file UK VAT returns, run UK payroll, and prepare CIS300s. No accountant jargon, no US-blog generalities. Each guide ends with what your real options are.

Making Tax Digital

7 min read

What counts as qualifying income for Making Tax Digital

The income that decides if you're mandated for MTD for Income Tax — gross turnover, self-employment + property only, measured on your last tax return.

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6 min read

MTD for Income Tax when you're employed and self-employed

Does your salary push you into MTD? No — and here's why a high PAYE wage plus a small side income usually keeps you out of scope.

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6 min read

How to register for MTD for Income Tax as a sole trader

What you need, how to sign up with HMRC, and why you can volunteer early — a plain-English walkthrough for sole traders.

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6 min read

MTD for Income Tax quarterly deadlines explained

The four quarterly update dates, why they're cumulative, the final declaration deadline, and how penalties (and the 2026/27 soft landing) work.

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6 min read

Am I in scope for MTD as a sole trader in 2026?

The £50k, £30k and £20k thresholds, the strict 'over' test, turnover-not-profit, and worked examples — find out whether MTD for Income Tax applies to you.

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5 min read

Is the MTD threshold gross income or profit?

It's gross turnover, before expenses — so you can be in scope even with modest profit. Why this catches high-cost businesses out, with examples.

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6 min read

What happens if you miss an MTD quarterly update?

The points system, when the £200 penalty hits, the separate late-payment penalties and interest, and the 2026/27 soft landing.

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6 min read

How much tax and National Insurance do I pay self-employed?

Income tax bands, Class 4 and Class 2 NIC for 2026, with worked examples at £30k and £60k profit.

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6 min read

Class 2 and Class 4 National Insurance explained

The difference, the 2024 change that made Class 2 free above the Small Profits Threshold, and the Class 4 rates.

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6 min read

Do I need an accountant for MTD, or can I do it myself?

An honest, balanced look at DIY-with-software vs an accountant for Making Tax Digital — and the middle path.

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6 min read

Best MTD software for sole traders 2026

An honest, no-hype comparison of MTD ITSA software — the criteria that matter, the main options, prices and who each suits.

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6 min read

Moving from spreadsheets to MTD software without losing data

A step-by-step migration: pick a clean cut-over date, bring over opening balances, preserve history — plus the bridging-software alternative.

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5 min read

How to submit a quarterly update to HMRC, step by step

From digital records to sending cumulative totals via software — the quarterly-update process end to end, with the deadlines.

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5 min read

What records do I need to keep for Making Tax Digital?

The digital records you must keep, the income/expense categories, and bridging software for spreadsheet users.

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6 min read

Should I go from sole trader to limited company in 2026?

A balanced 2026 guide — tax, admin, liability, the MTD angle, and when incorporating actually makes sense.

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8 min read

Making Tax Digital for landlords: the complete 2026 guide

The landlord pillar guide to Making Tax Digital for Income Tax: gross-rent thresholds and dates, one UK property business, quarterly updates, the jointly-owned easement and Section 24.

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7 min read

MTD for jointly owned property: how joint owners report rental income

How MTD for Income Tax works for jointly owned rental property — income split by share, the spouse 50/50 default and Form 17, and HMRC's easement letting joint owners keep less-detailed records and bring in expenses annually.

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7 min read

Allowable expenses for landlords: the full UK list (2025/26)

The full 2025/26 list of allowable expenses for UK landlords — repairs vs improvements, agent fees, insurance, the £1,000 property allowance and what you can't claim.

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7 min read

Section 24 landlord tax: how mortgage interest relief actually works now

Why residential landlords can no longer deduct mortgage interest, how the 20% tax reducer works, its higher-rate impact, a before/after worked example, and the SA105 boxes.

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7 min read

How much tax do landlords pay in the UK?

How landlords are taxed: rental profit added to other income at 20/40/45%, no National Insurance, the £1,000 property allowance, section 24, with worked examples at £12k and £30k gross rent.

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7 min read

MTD for Income Tax April 2027: the £30,000 cohort explained

Who is caught in the MTD for Income Tax £30,000 cohort mandated from 6 April 2027, how HMRC identifies them from the 2025/26 return, what to do in 2026, and why there is no penalty soft landing.

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6 min read

How much does MTD software cost?

An honest price map of MTD for Income Tax software — from free tiers and bank-bundled packages through ~£30/yr bridging tools to ~£5–£36/mo paid plans — and what drives the cost.

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7 min read

Who is exempt from Making Tax Digital for Income Tax?

Who is exempt from MTD for Income Tax — automatic exemptions, the digitally excluded, income out of scope, and how to apply to HMRC.

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8 min read

Making Tax Digital for Income Tax explained

The plain-English complete explainer of Making Tax Digital for Income Tax — what it is, who it applies to and when, digital records, quarterly updates, the final declaration and penalties, and how it differs from Self Assessment.

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